Azerbaijan speaks the language of peace while steadily expanding and diversifying its military arsenal. As negotiations with Armenia inch forward, Hovhannes Nazaretyan examines Baku’s sustained rearmament, including its suppliers, capabilities and strategic intent, and what it reveals about the fragile balance between diplomacy and deterrence in the South Caucasus.

Yerevan’s worsening air pollution has moved from background concern to a public health emergency. Hovhannes Nazaretyan examines the main drivers including construction, quarries, transport and waste and why government responses have so far fallen short.

Armenia’s most vital aquifer is collapsing under decades of unchecked fish farming, illegal drilling and political neglect. The Ararat plain’s groundwater, critical for drinking water and agriculture, is being drained faster than it can recover, forcing the government into a race against ecological collapse. Hovhannes Nazaretyan explains.

Armenia is rapidly embracing solar power, with rooftop and utility-scale projects driving energy independence and sustainability. Hovhannes Nazaretyan examines the country’s growing capacity, landmark farms like Masrik-1, future wind ambitions, and the challenges of integrating renewables into the national grid.

As global power shifts toward multipolarity, Armenia faces profound uncertainty. With Russia’s retreat and ongoing regional pressures, Yerevan is pursuing a “balanced and balancing” foreign policy—deepening Western ties while engaging Iran, India, China and others—in a bold recalibration of its security and diplomacy.

Church–state relations in Armenia have resurfaced as a pressing issue amid unprecedented tensions between the prime minister and the Catholicos. This primer traces three decades of relations under four administrations, exploring how legal frameworks and leadership dynamics shaped patterns of cooperation and tension.

In this in-depth piece, Hovhannes Nazaretyan chronicles Armenia’s constitutional history since independence, outlining the country’s three constitutional referendums to date and detailing the current process of drafting a new Constitution.

A high-stakes clash involving PM Nikol Pashinyan, the Armenian Church and oligarch Samvel Karapetyan has triggered political, religious and geopolitical tensions, with Pashinyan calling for the nationalization of Armenia’s power grid amid charges of foreign interference and subversion.

As Armenia reorients its foreign policy away from Russia, it is deepening ties not only with the West, but also with non-Western partners. Hovhannes Nazaretyan explores Armenia’s evolving engagement with Central Asian states as part of that strategy.

A recent CRRC survey reveals Armenians overwhelmingly desire peace but expect war, amid deep security fears, political disillusionment, and shifting geopolitical loyalties. The data highlights public anxiety, fading optimism, and the complex legacy of war and diplomacy.