Hasmik Khalapyan is a lecturer at the American University of Armenia. She is Academic Director of AGBU Armenian Virtual College and Editorial Director of the Virtual College’s Multimedia E-Book Series. After earning her MA from Miami University, she received her PhD in History from Central European University, Budapest, Hungary. She has carried out research in Ottoman history in archives and libraries in Armenia, Austria , France and Turkey. Her research interests include: concepts and histories of social change in local/global perspective; Ottoman history; women’s movements worldwide in comparative perspective; theories and histories of empires and colonialism; gender and international law. She has been published in international journals and edited volumes in English, and has been translated to Turkish.